It's an obscure subject and not one I really understand, and this presentation didn't help much (too many cognative leaps, like reading a technical book with most of the pages stuck together).
Monads are a kind of contract or pattern, encapsulating a data type in a consistant interface. The interface consists of two functions: a "bind" or "flatMap" function that, given a translation function, allows another monad to be created from the first; and a unit function which creates the monad from the original type in the first place.
Pavel's got a thing about monads and tried to explain how they can be used as a design technique, but I think it's something that going to take a bit more than a presentation to explain. A monograph on the subject, perhaps. Clever bloke, though.
